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The R Programming Language
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====R Quick Reference Guide ==A list of generic arguments and specifics for each function type ===Standard R `begin:end` produces a sequence from begin to end by ones. `c(..., recursive=FALSE)` ...: objects to be concatenated recursive: whether or not to recur into the given objects. returns: NULL or an expression or a vector of an appropriate mode, built from concatenating objects in '...'. `seq(from = 1, to = 1, by = ((to - from)/(length.out - 1)), length.out = NULL, along.with = NULL, ...)` from: start point to: end point returns: a list of the defined sequence. =options: by: default is 1; mimics c(from:to) length.out: can be shortened; used if specified to calculate by, returning a vector of the size length.out. along.with: a vector, the length of which is the output of seq, with by calculated using it's length. `rep(x, times=1, length.out=NA, each=1)` x: the object to repeat. may be a vector or matrix. times: the number of times to repeat x; if x is a vector and times is a vector of the same length, x[i] is repeated times[i] times. length.out: may be specified instead of times; will return a vector of this length. each: each element of x is repeated each times. Treated as 1 if NA or invalid. ===Graphics Library ==Whole plot options `par(mfrow=c(1,1))` mfrow: a list of the number of rows and columns in the plot; the default is c(1,1) meaning 1 plot. c(rows, columns). ==Plots =General arguments `color=c(""), main="", subtitle="", xlab="", ylab="", xlim=range(c()), ylim=range(c())` color: a vector of colors to be used in the plot. If fewer colors specified than colors needed for a given plot, colors are rotated in order (i.e. c("red","blue") would alternate between red and blue). main: the title for the plot, appears on top in larger text than the other titles. subtitle: subtitle for the plot, appears right below main at a reduced size. xlab: the label for the x-axis. ylab: the label for the y-axis. xlim: the range for the x-axis; requires at least a list of start and end. ylim: range for the y-axis; requires at least a list of start and end. =Specific plots =Bar plot `barplot(height, width, names.arg )` height: the height of the bars; if one arg given, assumed to be height width: the width of the bars. names.arg: a vector of labels for each bar. Note: this command can be used to make a 1D spineplot by setting the heights to 1; using rep(1, length(x)). =Dot plot `dotchar(x, labels, pch=21)` x: vector or matrix to plot; if 1D, order is used as the y component. labels: a vector of labels for each point. For vectors the default is to use names(x) and for matrices the row labels dimnames(x)[[1]]. pch: the plotting character to use; specified by an integer from 1 to 32. =Histogram `hist(x, breaks)` x: vector or matrix to plot breaks: the number of bins for the histogram to use; by default it is calculated by Sturges' algorithm. Other algorithms may be specified, as well as a number of bins. One may also include a sequence or vector describing the placement of each bin.
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